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Monday 23 April 2012

Waziri Mkuu Pinda katika viwanja vya Bunge leo

Waziri Mkuu, Mizengo Pinda akizungumza na Kiongozi wa Upinzani Bungeni, Freeman Mbowe kwenye viwanja vya Bunge Mjini Dodoma Aprili 23,2012. (Picha na Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu)
Waziri Mkuu,Mizengo Pinda akizungumza na Mbunge wa Musoma Vijijini, Nimrod Mkono kwenye viwanja vya Bunge Mjini Dodoma, Aprili 23,2012. (Picha na Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu)
Waziri Mkuu, Mizengo Pinda akiwa katika picha ya pamoja na wanafunzi wa shule ya Msingi ya Eckernforde ya Tanga kwenye viwanja vya Bunge Mjini Dodoma Aprili 23, 2012.(Picha na Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu).

Tuesday 17 April 2012

BAYERN MUNCHEN YAIPA DOZI REAL MADRID 2 - 1


Mesut Özil (Kushoto) Wa Real Madrid akishangilia na Mchezaji mwenzake Christian Ronaldo baada ya kuipatia timu yake ya Real Madrid Goli katika Raundi ya Kwanza ya Nusu Fainali ya UEFA champion
Mario Gomez akiipatia timu yake ya Bayern Munchen goli katika raundi ya kwanza ya nusu fainali ya UEFA champion iliyofanyika usiku wa kuamkia leo

Frank Ribery wa Bayern Akishangilia Goli lake la kwanza dhidi ya Real Madrid katika mchezo wa kwanza wa nusu fainali ya UEFA champion uliofanyika usiku wa kuamkia leo na kuibuka kidedea kwa magoli 2 dhidi ya 1
Kocha wa Bayern Munchen JUPP HERNCKES akishout katika mechi dhidi ya timu yake na Real Madrid katika raundi ya kwanza ya nusu fainali ya UEFA champion usiku wa kuamkia leo ambapo bayern iliibuka mshindi kwa magoli 2 dhidi ya 1

Mario Gomez wa Bayern Munchen akishangilia goli na wachezaji wenzake katika raundi ya kwanza ya nusu fainali ya UEFA champion dhidi ya Real Madrid mchezo uliofanyika usiku wakuamkia leo na bayern kuibuka kidedea kwa kushinda magoli 2 dhidi ya Real Madrid

Cristiano Ronaldo wa Real Madrid CF akiwa mnyonge baada ya timu yake kufungwa magoli 2 kwa 1 dhidi ya FC Bayern München katika raundi ya kwanza ya nusu fainali ya UEFA Champions

Kocha Wa Real Madrid Jose Mourinho Akishanga kwa kilichotokea baada ya timu yake kufungwa goli 2 kwa 1 dhidi ya Bayern Munchen katika raundi ya kwanza ya nusu fainali ya UEFA champion
Mario Gomez alipoifungia Timu yake ya Bayern Munchen goli la pili dhidi ya Real Madrid katika raundi ya Kwanza ya Nusu Fainali ya UEFA champion usiku wa kuamkia leo.Bayern yaibuka kidedea kwa magoli 2 dhidi ya Real Madrid

Exam Preparation - Examination Tips - Exam Skills U Need

1. Skills You Need To Plan, Prepare and Win Exams.
An effective approach to examination technique enables students to enter the examination room with a clear idea of the skills they wish to demonstrate, with a realistic expectation of what the questions will be like, and with the intention of using the questions to demonstrate as much knowledge as possible. This active approach to examination technique enables students to be in control of the situation. However, some students approach examinations with a fatalistic attitude, rather like helpless victims facing torment. They respond passively to the questions and then hope for the best. The first approach is more likely to succeed.

Examination Skills How To Crack Exam

red square 2. Strategies To Tackle Examination :-

1. Make A Mental Plan, Use Mnemonics & Spider Diagrams

Students could plan to jot down, some of your mnemonics or spider diagrams before you start answering any question. In that way, you can refer back to your plan when writing your answer, without fear of forgetting what you were going to write next.

2. Express Your Knowledge & Learn To Link Concepts

It can be quite frustrating to do a lot of revision and then find that you are not asked questions that reflect what you have learned. However it sometimes happens that examination questions give you the opportunity to express your knowledge. For example, if you have learned a lot about the psychoanalytic and humanistic approaches for unit 1 (Introduction To Psychology) but a ten-mark question asks you to evaluate the biological approach you can still use base of other supporting approaches to criticise or contrast the

FISCAL POLICY

The fiscal policy is concerned with the raising of government revenue and incurring of government expenditure. To generate revenue and to incur expenditure, the government frames a policy called budgetary policy or fiscal policy. So, the fiscal policy is concerned with government expenditure and government revenue.
Fiscal policy has to decide on the size and pattern of flow of expenditure from the government to the economy and from the economy back to the government. So, in broad term fiscal policy refers to "that segment of national economic policy which is primarily concerned with the receipts and expenditure of central government." In other words, fiscal policy refers to the policy of the government with regard to taxation, public expenditure and public borrowings.
The importance of fiscal policy is high in underdeveloped countries. The state has to play active and important role. In a democratic society direct methods are not approved. So, the government has to depend on indirect methods of regulations. In this way, fiscal policy is a powerful weapon in the hands of government by means of which it can achieve the objectives of development.
Main Objectives of Fiscal Policy  
The fiscal policy is designed to achive certain objectives as follows :-
1. Development by effective Mobilisation of Resources
The principal objective of fiscal policy is to ensure rapid economic growth and development. This objective of economic growth and development can be achieved by Mobilisation of Financial Resources.
The central and the state governments in India have used fiscal policy to mobilise resources.
The financial resources can be mobilised by :-
1.      Taxation : Through effective fiscal policies, the government aims to mobilise resources by way of direct taxes as well as indirect taxes because most important source of resource mobilisation in India is taxation.
2.      Public Savings : The resources can be mobilised through public savings by reducing government expenditure and increasing surpluses of public sector enterprises.
3.      Private Savings : Through effective fiscal measures such as tax benefits, the government can raise resources from private sector and households. Resources can be mobilised through government borrowings by ways of treasury bills, issue of government bonds, etc., loans from domestic and foreign parties and by deficit financing.
2. Efficient allocation of Financial Resources
The central and state governments have tried to make efficient allocation of financial resources. These resources are allocated for Development Activities which includes expenditure on railways, infrastructure, etc. While Non-development Activities includes expenditure on defence, interest payments, subsidies, etc.

But generally the fiscal policy should ensure that the resources are allocated for generation of goods and services which are socially desirable. Therefore, India's fiscal policy is designed in such a manner so as to encourage production of

NOTICE TO STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA(RESOLUTION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL ON)

           RESOLUTION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL ON
STAFF APPEALS RESULTS
The University of Dodoma 24th Executive Committee of the Council Meeting has noted that, UDOMASA had objected to the directives of the 23rd Council Meeting held on 30th March 2012 which required the Staff Disciplinary Appeals Committee to re-hear the appeals as some legal procedures were not followed.These include non-notification to the Vice Chancellor to appear before the Committee as representative of the respondent, namely the Council.
The University of Dodoma Executive Committee at its 24th meeting held in Dodoma on 11thApril2012 took note of the letter of UDOMASA to the Chairman of the Council wherein it pronounced its dissatisfaction and disagreement of the position taken by the 23rd Council which took place on 30thApril,2012.Pursuant to UDOMASA’s letter above referred, the Executive Committee has deemed it necessary that seeking are solution to what now appears to be a disagreement on issues pertaining to the work of the Staff Disciplinary Appeals Committee,it is in the best interest of both the Council and UDOMASA that these issues be brought before the Commission for Mediation and Arbitration.
The Executive Committee has decided to direct the ViceChancellor to refer the dispute
to the said Commission with immediate effect and seek resolution.

Wednesday 11 April 2012

Elizabeth Michael Mahakamani akituhumiwa kuumua Kanumba

Msanii wa kike wa filamu Tanzania Elizabeth Michael Kimemeta maarufu kama Lulu,amefikishwa mahakamani akikabiliwa na mashtaka ya mauaji ya msanii mwingine wa filamu Marehemu Steven Kanumba. Amefikishwa mahakamani ikiwa ni siku nne, tangu alipokamatwa mara baada ya kifo cha msanii huyo ambaye inaaminika kuwa walikuwa na uhusiano wa Kimapenzi. Mbele ya Hakimu mfawidhi wa Mahakama ya Kisutu jijini Dar es Salaam,Bi Augustina Mbando,Elizabeth Michael Kimemeta ajulikanaye kama Lulu kwa jina la Usanii,aliwasili mahakamani hapo akiwa chini ya Ulinzi mkali wa askari Polisi waliokuwa wamevaa kiraia na wengine wakiwa wamejihami kwa silaha. Mara baada ya Kufikishwa mahakamani,upande wa mashtaka ukiongozwa na Wakili wa serikali Bi Elizabeth Kaganda ulimsomea shtaka moja ambalo ni la mauaji, kosa ambalo ni kinyume cha sheria ya kanuni ya adhabu kifungu cha 196. Wakili huyo wa serikali Bi Elizabeth Kaganda,alidai mbele ya mahakama kuwa mnamo tarehe 07 mwezi April mwaka 2012,katika eneo la Sinza Vatican,msanii Elizabeth alimuua msanii Steven Kanumba. Akiwa amevalia gauni kubwa lijulikanalo kama dera lenye rangi ya Njano mtandio wa rangi ya waridi na kandambili nyekundu mshtakiwa alionekana kutokuwa na wasi wasi pamoja uzito wa tuhuma za mauaji anayokabiliwa nayo huku akijibu maswali kadhaa kuhusu wasifu wake. Msanii huyo alikanusha kuwa na umri wa miaka 18 baada ya kuulizwa ,ambapo yeye amesisitiza kuwa ana umri wa miaka 17, hii ikiwa ni tofauti na habari ambazo zimekuwa zikiripotiwa kuhusu umri wa msanii huyo ambaye sasa anatambulika kama mshtakiwa. Kesi hii ya mauaji inatajwa kwa mara ya kwanza na mshtakiwa hakutakiwa kukiri wala kukana mashtaka. Upande wa mashtaka umeieleza mahakama kuwa kesi bado iko kwenye upelelezi ambapo inatarajiwa kutajwa tena April 23 mwaka huu. Mshtakiwa amepelekwa rumande hadi siku hiyo wakati kesi hii itakapotajwa tena. Kwa upande mwingine tukio la kufikishwa mahakamani kwa mtuhumiwa huyo kumefanywa kwa usiri mkubwa na kufanya waandishi wa habari wengi wameshindwa kufuatilia kwa karibu tukio lenyewe. Kufikishwa mahakamani kwa msanii huyo na kusomewa shtaka la mauaji ya Kanumba kumetokea siku moja baada na Marehemu Steven Kanumba kuzikwa katika makaburi ya Kinondoni. Mazishi yake yalichukua sura ya kitaifa kutokana na umaarufu aliojijengea msani huyo katika jamii ya watanzania na hata nchi za nje.

Saturday 7 April 2012

BACK TO MY CLASS (GET IN TOUCH IN EDUCATION MENU NOW IS UPDATED) LOOKIN LIKE



 SCOPE OF ECONOMICS


‘Scope’ means the sphere of study. We have to consider what economics studies and what lies beyond it. The scope of economics will be brought out by discussing the following.
a) Subject – matter of economics.
b) Economics is a social science
c) Whether Economics is a science or an art?
d) If Economics is science, whether it is positive science or a normative science?


Subject – matter of economics:


 Economics studies man’s life and work, not the whole of it, but only one aspect of it. It does not study how a person is born, how he grows up and dies, how human body is made up and functions, all these are concerned with biological sciences, Similarly Economics is also not concerned with how a person thinks and the human organizations being these are a matter of psychology and political science. Economics only tells us how a man utilizes his limited

HILI NI PIGO KUBWA KUMPOTEZA STEVEN CHARLES KANUMBA

Kanumba
Steve Kanumba alipata umaarufu mkubwa Afrika

Tasnia ya filamu nchini Tanzania inaomboleza kifo cha msanii maarufu wa filamu nchini  Steven Kanumba ambaye amefariki usiku wa kuamkia Jumamosi nyumbani kwake Sinza Vatican jijini Dar es Salaam.
Taarifa zilizothibitishwa na mmoja wa ndugu za Marehemu, zinasema kuwa Marehemu Steven Kanumba alifariki majira ya saa nane usiku, muda mfupi baada ya kutokea mzozo kati yake yake na rafiki yake wa kike ambaye ni msanii mwenzake wa filamu.
Taarifa zinasema marehemu alisukumwa na kuanguka na kugonga kichwa chini upande wa Nyuma na kusababisha kifo chake.
Polisi mkoani Dar es Salaam imethibitisha kuwa inamshikilia kwa mahojiano msanii huyo wa kike kutokana na kuhusika na kifo cha Kanumba, ambaye alijizolea umaarufu mkubwa katika ukanda wa Afrika Mashariki na kati na hadi Afrika Magharibi baada ya kuwashirikisha katika filamu zake baadhi ya wasanii Maarufu wa Kinigeria akiwemo Mercy Johnson na Noah Ramsey.
Marehemu ambaye alizaliwa mwaka 1984, alianza kujipatia umaarufu mwanzoni mwa mwaka 2000 wakati huo akiigiza katika Michezo ya luninga kupitia kundi la maigizo la Kaole Sanaa.
Aliendelea na kuigiza filamu nyingi ambazo zilimpatia umaarufu mkubwa kiasi cha kusafiri mara kadhaa nchi za nje, ambako alitambulika kama mmoja wa wasanii wenye vipaji vikubwa ambaye aliitangaza fani ya filamu nchini Tanzania maarufu kama Bongo Movies.
Tangu kuanza kutangazwa kwa taarifa za kifo chake mapema alfajiri, mamia kwa maelfu ya watu wamekuwa wakimiminika kwa wingi nyumbani kwa marehemu, huku vyombo vingi vya habari vikizipa kipaumbele mara kwa mara taarifa za kifo cha msanii huyo.

 STEVEN CHARLES KANUMBA (1984 - 2012)                                                                                   
Steven Charles Kanumba (8 Januari 1984, Shinyanga - 7 Aprili, 2012) alikuwa msanii wa maigizo na filamu kutoka nchini Tanzania. Katika historia ya tasnia ya filamu nchini Tanzania, Kanumba ndiye aliyekuwa msanii wa kwanza nchini kufanya kazi nje ya nchi na kuweza kuwavuta wageni kutoka nchi mbalimbali kuja kuigiza Tanzania. Hasa walikuwa Wanigeria kama vile Mercy Johnson, Emmanuel France, Nkiru Silvanus, Ramsey Nouah, na wengine wengi tu. Kanumba pia ameweza kuwaleta waongozaji filamu kadhaa was Kinigeria nchini.

MAISHA
Na ameanza elimu ya msingi katika shule ya Bugoyi, na kuendela na masomo ya sekondari huko Mwadui na baadae kupata uhamisho katika shule moja ya jiji Dar es Salaam iitwayo Dar Christian Seminary. Alivyomaliza kidato cha nne akaendelea na masomo ya kidato cha tano na sita katika shule ya sekondari ya Jitegemee

SHUGULI ZA UIGIZAJI
Kanumba ameanza shughuli za kuigiza miaka mingi kwenye miaka ya "90". Ila kufahamika zaidi alianza mwaka 2002 mara tu baada ya kujiunga na kundi la sanaa ya maigizo maarufu kama Kaole Sanaa Group.

Friday 6 April 2012

R.I.P KANUMBA


R.I.P STEVE KANUMBA

ROHO YAKO ILAZWE PEMA PEPONI KAKA KANUMBA



Kaka yangu Kanumba sitaki kuamini kama umetuacha

Poleni sana wana bongo movie wote waigizaji,wadau,washabiki na ndugu wa karibu wa marehemu ,muwe na moyo wa subira bwana ametoa na bwana ametwaa jina la bwana lihimidiwe.

HOGERA RAISI J.KIKWETE KWA KUITANGAZA TUME YA KATIBA MPYA



Rais wa Tanzania Jakaya Kiwete atangaza Tume ya kukusanya maoni ya Katiba mpya

Rais wa Tanzania Jakaya Kikwete leo ametangaza tume ya itakayokusanya maoni ya Katiba Mpya nchini humo ambayo itaongozwa na Waziri mstaafu Joseph Warioba.
Ndani ya tume hiyo yapo majina maarufu ambayo ni pamoja na Jaji Mkuu mstaafu Agustino Ramadhani ambaye atakuwa Makamu mwenyekiti wa tume hiyo.Wengine ni aliyewahi kuwa Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa nchi huru za Afrika hivi sasa Umoja Afrika AU Dk. Salim Ahmed Salim ambaye ameteuliwa kuwa mmoja wa makamishna wa tume hiyo.

Wapo pia wanasheria maarufu wa Tanzania ambao wameteuliwa kuwa makamishna wa tume hiyo ambapo ni pamoja na Mhadhiri wa Sheria Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam Profesa Paramagamba Kabudi na Dk. Sengodo Mvungi Mhadhiri wa Chuo Kikuu cha Bagamoyo hapa.

WASIFU WA MUTHARIKA


Bingu wa Mutharika, aliyekuwa Rais wa Malawi amefariki dunia

Bingu wa Mutharika amekuwa na ndoto ya kutawala Malawi tangu wakati wa utawala wa mabavu wa Hastings Kamuzu Banda kuanza kusambaratika mnamo mwaka 1993.Ndoto hiyo ilitimia kwanza mwezi wa Mei mwaka 2004 na miaka mitano baadae akapata muhula wa pili kwa ushindi wa kishindo.Lakini mihula yote miwili ilikumbwa na migogoro na wakosoaji wake walimshinikiza Bwana Mutharika ajiuzulu wakisema kwamba ameifisidi nchi hiyo.

Ameshtumiwa kwa kukandamiza uhuru wa demokrasia na pia kuvuruga uchumi.Mnamo mwaka 2011, wakati wananchi wakikabiliwa na mfumuko wa bei na ukosefu wa mafuta, ghadhabu zao ziliibuka mitaani na nchi kukabiliwa na ghasia mbaya kuwahi kutokea katika historia yake. Takriban watu 19 waliuwawa na polisi waliowafyatulia risasi.

Tuhuma na migogoro

Aprili 2011, Mutharika alimfukuza balozi wa Uingereza nchini Malawi baada ya barua pepe ya kidiplomasia kufichuliwa ambapo balozi huyo alimshtumu Bwana Mutharika kwa kuzidi kutumia mabavu katika utawala wake na kutovumilia wakosoaji wake. Baadaye Uingereza ambayo ndio wafadhili wakubwa wa misaada kwa Malawi ilisema inasitisha misaada yake yote na kuishtumu serikali kwa kufisidi uchumi na kukiuka hali za binadamu.

Na mapema mwaka huu aliwaambia wahisani kutoka ng'ambo "watokomee jehanamu" na kuwashtumu kwa kupika njama pamoja na vikundi vya nchini Malawi za kuipindua serikali yake. Hali kadhalika kumekuwepo na sakata nyingi za kisiasa wakati wa utawala wa Mutharika.


BINGU WA-MUTHARIKA AHAGA DUNIA


Rais wa Malawi Bingu wa amefariki dunia baada ya kupatwa na mshtuko wa moyo, akiwa na miaka 78. Duru kutoka kwa serikali zimethibitisha kifo hicho kwa BBC. Mwili wa wa kiongozi huyo umepelekwa Afrika Kusini. Hata hivyo serikali haijatoa taarifa rasmi kuhusu kifo cha Wa-Mutharika. Mmoja wa madaktari waliokuwa wakimhudumia kiongozi huyo ameambia BBC, Wa-Mutharika alikufa baada ya moyo wake kusimama.

Wadadisi wameonya kifo cha rais huyo huenda kikazua mgogoro wa uwongozi. Katiba ya nchi inampa nafasi Makamu wa Rais kuongoza nchi endapo Rais atafariki au kuugua kiasi cha kushindwa kuongoza taifa.Hata hivyo Makamu wa Rais nchini Malawi, Joyce Banda alitofautiana na Wa-Mutharika kufuatia mzozo wa urithi wa uongozi ambapo alifukuzwa kutoka chama tawala,Democratic People's Party (DPP).
Kakake rais ambaye ni Waziri wa mambo ya nje Peter Mutharika aliteuliwa kugombea urais hapo mwaka wa 2014.Mwandishi wa BBC mjini Blantyre Raphale Tenthani amesema mawaziri wamekuwa na kikao usiku mzima kujadili hali ya sasa. Rubaa za serikali zimenukuliwa zikisema kwamba maiti ya Rais imesafirishwa Afrika Kusini huku maafisa wakitafakari hali ya sasa.

NEW JOBS IN TANZANIA

Pages 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7

  • Primary School Teachers

    Kiwengwa International Nursery School
    Deadline: May 31, 2012
  • Recruiter

    PATH
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Process Plant Contracts Administrator

    African Barrick Gold
    Deadline: Apr 10, 2012
  • Process Plant Project Manager

    African Barrick Gold
    Deadline: Apr 10, 2012
  • HME Mechanics

    African Barrick Gold
    Deadline: Apr 14, 2012
  • Environmental Operations Coordinator

    African Barrick Gold
    Deadline: Apr 14, 2012
  • Program Assistant

    UNICEF Tanzania
    Deadline: Apr 26, 2012
  • Accountant Grade II

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Examination Officer Grade I

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Examination Officer Grade I

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Assistant Librarian

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Assistant Lecturer

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Assistant Lecturer

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Senior Human Resource Officer I

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Human Resource Officer II

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Planning Officer I

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Assistant Lecturer

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Assistant Lecturer

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Assistant Lecturer

    Mzumbe University
    Deadline: Apr 20, 2012
  • Civil Engineer

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Principal Officer / Branch Manager

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Sr Accountant / Accountant / Manager

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Secretary

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Marketing Executives

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Quality, Safety, Health & Environment Officer

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Human Resources Manager

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Insurance Claims / Underwriting Officer

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Public Relations Officer

    Trident
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Graphic Designer

    Uongozi Institute
    Deadline: Apr 17, 2012
  • Program Officer - Education

    VSO Tanzania
    Deadline: Apr 18, 2012
  • Program Officer - Education

    VSO Tanzania
    Deadline: Apr 18, 2012
  • Information Security Officer

    Iris Executive Development Centre
    Deadline: Apr 19, 2012
  • Information Security Officer

    Iris Career Centre
    Deadline: Apr 08, 2012
  • 4 Assistant Medical Officer and 8 Nurse Midwifes

    Marie Stopes Tanzania
    Deadline: Apr 22, 2012
  • Driver

    MM SIGNS
    Deadline: Apr 07, 2012
  • Senior Network Administrator

    FINCA Tanzania
    Deadline: Apr 18, 2012
  • Welder

    Mm Signs Ltd
    Deadline: Apr 16, 2012
  • Accountant Manager

    International Courier Company
    Deadline: Apr 12, 2012
  • ERP Administrator

    People Power Limited
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • ERP Administrator (Internet Service Provider)

    People Power Limited
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Sales Trainer

    International Development Partners (EA) Ltd
    Deadline: Apr 10, 2012
  • Office Management & Receptionist

    Primefuels Tanzania Limited
    Deadline: Apr 10, 2012
  • Hotel Accountants

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Hotel / Restaurant Managers

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Store Managers

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Chartered Accountants/Sr Accountants

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Front Office Managers

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Civil Engineers

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Sales Managers

    Recruit4in
    Deadline: Apr 30, 2012
  • Learning & Development Specialist (2 Posts)

    African Barrick Gold
    Deadline: Apr 15, 2012

  • Pages 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7

    Monday 2 April 2012

    Recommendation letters

    It’s that time of year when students ask teachers and employers for recommendation letters. Well, it’s always that time of year, isn’t it? References are important, whether you’re hunting for a job, internship, scholarship, or a spot in grad school. There’s a right way to ask someone to vouch for you, and I hope this post makes your future reference-asking go more smoothly.

    References or Recommendation Letters?
    Many jobs/internships/scholarships/schools may require you to provide the contact information for any number of references (if they don’t say a number, you can always ask what they’d prefer, but the default is usually three) rather than to provide full letters of recommendation. This is ideal, I think, because it’s less of a drain on the whole of society than having people write full letters, especially for highly competitive programs. Let me explain what I mean by “drain.” When I was applying for a jobs–and I applied to quite a few–most of the schools required three full letters of recommendation.

    Now, in this job market, any given job may get 500 or more applicants. Some search committee/employer will have to sort through these applicants, and they will probably make a short list of 10 or fewer applicants they think are worthy based on their resumes/CVs. It is only at that point that the committee will actually turn to the letters to read them. So what does this mean for, say, the other 490+ people who weren’t shortlisted? It means that each of their three recommendation letters essentially goes to waste. That’s 1470 letters. That’s 1470 different people out there who spent maybe as much as an hour preparing and writing your letter of recommendation. That’s 1470 hours of human intellect and labor wasted. It’s a big drain on society in general. I much prefer organizations that only ask for the contact information of references up front. This is much easier to provide (i.e., it only involves the person providing the recommendation to say “yes, put me down as a reference” initially), and it’s a lot more respectful of people’s time than the full letter charade. The reality is that employers will probably call these references anyway for additional commentary beyond the letter they wrote, so might as well just cut the letter part out entirely and stick to the phone calls.
    But I digress. Back to my point.

    Some application processes ask for a list of references, and some ask for full letters. Either way, you need to ask the person who is recommending you if they’re comfortable doing so. This means you need to get prior approval to use their name before you start spraying your application. And if they give you full access to use them as a reference widely, it’s still a nice gesture to send them a quick list of jobs you applied for. That way, when the recommender gets a call, they have some kind of clue that it’s coming. Full letters of recommendation require a lot more work on your part. That’s what the rest of this post is for.

    Asking for a Recommendation

    When you approach someone to write a letter of recommendation for you (or if you ask if you can list them as a reference on your application), you need to make sure you’re not just asking for “a letter.” You need to ask for “a positive letter.” This is a picky point, but there are some people out there that simply say “sure, I can write you a letter,” and then they write a lukewarm or even negative letter. After all, you didn’t ask them to write a positive letter, did you? (I know this is crappy, but it happens. It happened to me once, and I found out about it and learned my lesson.)

    The best way to ask, I think, is to meet with the recommender and tell them a little about what it is you’re applying for and why you think you’re a good fit. You don’t need to put on a salesy pitch about why you’re the right fit for what you’re applying for (because they don’t get to make the decision, you know), but it’s important to give some kind of a rationale for why you’re pursuing the thing you’re pursuing. Then, actually ask the following: “I think you can speak to my strengths and my fit for this [scholarship/internship/school/job], and I would appreciate your support. Would you feel confident providing a positive letter of recommendation for me for this?” When you phrase it this way, you give the recommender the opportunity to answer you frankly. If they don’t feel confident writing for you because they think you suck, then you’ve given them the opportunity to tell you right then and there that they’re not up for the task. If they don’t feel confident writing for you because they feel that they don’t know enough about you, then you’ve given them the opportunity to ask you for more information before they agree to write your letter. And if they do feel confident writing a letter for you, then you’ve kind of boxed them in to writing only a positive letter, which is what you want.
    The majority of the time, though, the person you’ve asked to write a letter for you likes you, respects your work, and they don’t have a problem vouching for you. Let’s move on.

    Who to Ask
    First and foremost, the people you ask to write letters of recommendation for you need to really know you. They need to be able to write a detailed, personal letter of support, not a generic letter that they write for all students. This means that if the best person to recommend you is a Masters student who taught you in their class rather than some distinguished Lecturing who you barely know, then you ask the Masters student. It’s ideal not to have an entire slate of letter writers with “lowly titles,” but a detailed, personal letter from someone lower in the ranks is much more valuable than a generic letter from someone who has a big title or some kind of political prominence. And, of course, the ideal ideal scenario is to have a slate of letter writers who are both powerful/respected/have big titles AND who know you well enough to write a detailed letter.

    Second, you want to aim for some breadth, too. If you’re applying for a graduate program, for instance, it’s OK to have a letter or two come from people NOT in higher education. If you have an employer who can write a good letter, include it. But if it’s for a graduate program, you definitely need at least one (and ideally a majority) of your letters from someone in academia. Try to build a collection of letters than can speak to your much strength. If one recommender knows your research ability really well, one knows your teaching ability well, one knows your work leadership experience, and one has taught you in a class, then you have a great collection of letters that speak to the whole picture of who you are.

    When I applied for lecturing at UDOM, I had letters from my dissertation advisor (who was kind of expected to write a letter for any lecturing job I applied to…it’s a red flag if your advisor doesn’t write you a letter), a professor from another discipline I had worked on a grant project with, a professor from yet another discipline who knew my research well, and a professor who knew my teaching and service very well.

    When to Ask
    As soon as possible. People need at least a week to write a letter of recommendation. Two weeks or more is preferred. And if you ask more than a month in advance, it’s worth following up closer to the deadline to remind them. Asking for letters less than two weeks before a deadline ain’t nice.

    Be Organized
    Once you’ve got some people on the hook to write letters, you need to get them the info they need. At minimum, this means sending them some information about the scholarship/school/job you’re applying for and instructions for where/how to mail the letter, including a deadline. Ideally, though, you should provide as much material as possible about the scholarship/school/job AND about yourself so that the letter writer can tailor their letter. Remember, the goal is for your recommenders to write detailed, personal letters, so let them know more about you and your reason for applying. Give them a copy of your application or goal statement or writing samples if you’re comfortable sharing that with them.

    If you ask for multiple letters for various things you’re applying for, I also suggest providing the letter writers a spreadsheet or calendar with deadlines. When I asked for a bunch of letters when I applied for job, I sent each recommender an Excel spreadsheet listing details about each letter. For each letter, I provided the following information:
    • the name of the department and university I was applying to (e.g., University of Dodoma)
    • the name of the actual position I was applying for
    • the contact person to address the letter to (e.g., “Dr. So-and-So, search committee chair” or if there isn’t a specific person listed, just “search committee members”)
    • the job description (e.g., a link to it if it was online)
    • a few notes about the position (e.g., insider info you may have, whether you met the employer at a job fair a few months ago, who you may know at the company, and so on)
    • a few notes about what you’d love the letter writer to say (e.g., I put things like “for this letter, I know they’re looking for someone with new media expertise in addition to public relation competence, so I’d love for you to really emphasize how my research addresses new media and society”)
    • who else I had asked to write a letter for me (this helps the letter writer see who else is writing for you. If they know, for instance, that you’ve asked someone else who knows your teaching skills better than they do, then they feel less pressure to cover that issue in their letter)
    • instructions for submitting the letter (e.g., an email address to send it to; an online system to upload it to; whether the envelope needs to be sealed, signed, and given to you to include in one large application packet; a mailing address if it needs to be mailed; and so on. Providing them a pre-printed envelope with postage on it is a nice touch, especially if you’re asking for tons of mailed letters from people, but generally your recommenders can spring for the stamp)
    • the deadline for sending the letter (and if it’s a “received by” deadline vs. a “postmark deadline,” you should explain this, too)

    Following the Rules & Following Up

    Follow all the rules for an application process. If they absolutely do NOT want more than three letters of recommendation, then don’t send four. But if they just simply say “three letters required,” then you shouldn’t necessarily feel boxed in to just three letters. If you think a collection of four letters speaks to your strengths the best, then send all four. But try not to send five or more for a three-letter application.

    If your application and letters are submitted as part of an online system (which is increasingly common), then you can probably track your status to see if/when letters are uploaded and your application is complete. But if this is not the case, it is perfectly acceptable to inquire with the employer/scholarship/school whether the letters were received and your application is complete and valid. If you know all of your letter writers mailed their letters in a week ago and you haven’t heard from the employer/school/scholarship that they’ve received them and your application is good to go, it’s OK to shoot someone at that organization an email and ask. This isn’t an opportunity to sell yourself; it’s just an opportunity to innocently ask if your application was received in good order.

    If you follow these guidelines for asking for a letter of recommendation, you’ll be in good shape. And I certainly know if more of my students used this format, I’d be in good shape. I’m interested to know if this information is helpful. Leave a comment here if this was useful for you.

    Thanks
    Presented by: Bongole A.J
    Lecturer university of Dodoma
    P.o Box 259
    DODOMA-TANZANIA 

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